This paper focuses on a technique for risk assessment, Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA), that is relatively new to Europe and compares it with two established techniques: Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) and Risk Graphs. It describes our experience in applying the latest standard for functional safety “BS IEC 61511:2003 Functional Safety – Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS) for the Process Industry Sector”. The main lessons learned are illustrated by real examples, changed to preserve confidentiality but still illustrating relevant issues.
For full paper, view: Applying the Latest Standard for Functional Safety – IEC61511 (PDF)